Muraayadaha indhaha - Convex iyo Concave lenses
Sharaxaada Alaabta
Muraayadaha khafiifka ah ee indhaha - Lens kaas oo dhumucda qaybta dhexe ay weyn tahay marka la barbar dhigo radiyada qallooca ee labadiisa dhinac. Waagii hore, kamaradu waxay ku qalabaysan tahay oo kaliya lens convex ah, sidaas darteed waxa loo yaqaan "lens-kaliya". Horumarinta sayniska iyo tignoolajiyada, muraayadaha casriga ahi waxay leeyihiin dhowr lenses convex iyo concave lenses oo leh qaabab iyo hawlo kala duwan si ay u sameeyaan lens isku dhafan, kaas oo loo yaqaan "lens compound". Muraayada concave ee lenska isku dhafka ah ayaa ka ciyaara doorka hagaajinta cilladaha kala duwan.
Astaamaha
Muraayadaha indhaha ayaa leh hufnaan sare, daahirnimo, midab-la'aan, midab labis ah, iyo awood wanaagsan oo wax-soo-celinta, markaa waa alaabta ugu muhiimsan ee wax soo saarka muraayadaha. Iyada oo ay ugu wacan tahay isku-dhafka kiimikaad ee kala duwan iyo tusaha refractive, muraayadda indhaha ayaa leh:
● Muraayada Flint-oxide sunta rasaasta ayaa lagu daraa halabuurka galaaska si loo kordhiyo tusaha wax-soo-celinta .
● Dhalada Crown ee la sameeyay iyadoo lagu darayo sodium oxide iyo calcium oxide isku dhafka galaaska si loo yareeyo tusmaheeda dib u soo celinta.
● Lanthanum dhalada taaj - noocyada kala duwan ee la helay, waxay leedahay sifooyin aad u fiican oo ah index refractive sare iyo heerka kala firidhsan hooseeyo, kaas oo bixiya shuruudo loogu talagalay abuuritaanka lenses sare-caliber weyn.
Mabaadi'da
Qayb quraarad ah ama balaastig ah oo loo isticmaalo iftiinka iftiinka si loo beddelo jihada iftiinka ama loo xakameeyo qaybinta iftiinka.
Muraayadaha indhaha ayaa ah kuwa ugu aasaasiga ah ee ka kooban nidaamka indhaha ee mikroskoob. Qaybaha ay ka midka yihiin muraayadaha ujeedada, muraayadaha indhaha, iyo kondensers waxay ka kooban yihiin hal ama muraayado badan. Marka loo eego qaababkooda, waxa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood: lenses convex (lenses positive) iyo lenses concave (lenses negative).
Marka laydhka iftiinka oo barbar socda dhidibka indhaha ee maamulaha ahi uu dhex maro lens convex ah oo uu meel iska gooyo, bartan waxa loo yaqaan “focus”, diyaarada dhex marta diiradda iyo toosan dhanka dhidibka indhaha waxa loo yaqaan “Focal plane”. " Waxaa jira laba goobood oo fiiqan, barta xudunta u ah goobta shayga waxaa lagu magacaabaa "object focal point", diyaaradda focal ee halkaasna waxaa loo yaqaan "object focal diyaarad"; Taa beddelkeeda, barta xudunta u ah booska sawirka waxaa loo yaqaan "point focal image". Diyaaradda focal ee ku taal waxaa lagu magacaabaa "image square focal diyaarad".
